Observation of parametric amplification and deamplification in a Josephson parametric amplifier

B. Yurke; L. R. Corruccini; P. G. Kaminsky; L. W. Rupp; A. D. Smith; A. H. Silver; R. W. Simon; E. A. Whittaker

doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.39.2519

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Observation of parametric amplification and deamplification in a Josephson parametric amplifier

B. Yurke, L. R. Corruccini, P. G. Kaminsky, L. W. Rupp, A. D. Smith, A. H. Silver, R. W. Simon, E. A. Whittaker

DOI 10.1103/PhysRevA.39.2519 · Physical Review A

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Abstract

We present the results of an experimental effort to generate squeezed microwave radiation using the phase-sensitive gain of a Josephson parametric amplifier. To facilitate the interpretation of the experimental results, we first present a discussion of the theory of microwave squeezing via Josephson parametric amplifiers. This is followed by a detailed description of the device fabricated for our experiment. Experimental results are then presented for the device used in both the doubly degenerate or four-photon mode and for the degenerate or three-photon mode. We have observed parametric deamplification of signals by more than 8 dB. We have demonstrated squeezing of 4.2-K thermal noise. When operated at 0.1 K, the amplifier exhibits an excess noise of 0.28 K when referred to the input. This is smaller than the vacuum fluctuation noise level ħω/2k=0.47 K. The amplifier is thus quieter than a linear phase-insensitive amplifier in principle can be.