Quantum fluctuations and phase coherence in superconducting nanowires
Alexey Radkevich, Andrew G. Semenov, Andrei D. Zaikin
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.100.014520 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
The quantum behavior of superconducting nanowires may essentially depend on the employed experimental setup. Here we investigate a setup that enables passing equilibrium supercurrent across an arbitrary segment of the wire without restricting fluctuations of its superconducting phase. The low-temperature physics of the system is determined by a combined effect of collective soundlike plasma excitations and quantum phase slips. At T=0 the wire exhibits two quantum phase transitions, both being controlled by the dimensionless wire impedance g. While thicker wires with g>16 stay superconducting, in the thinnest wires with g<2 the supercurrent is totally destroyed by quantum fluctuations. The intermediate phase with 2<g<16 is characterized by two different correlation lengths demonstrating superconductinglike behavior at shorter scales combined with vanishing superconducting response in the long scale limit.
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