Theory of driven Higgs oscillations and third-harmonic generation in unconventional superconductors
Lukas Schwarz, Dirk Manske
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.101.184519 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
Higgs spectroscopy is a new field in which Higgs modes in nonequilibrium superconductors are analyzed to gain information about the ground state. One experimental setup in which the Higgs mode in s-wave superconductors was observed is periodic driving with terahertz (THz) light, which shows resonances in the third-harmonic generation (THG) signal if twice the driving frequency matches the energy of the Higgs mode. We derive expressions of the driven gap oscillations for arbitrary gap symmetry and calculate the THG response. We demonstrate that the possible Higgs modes for superconductors with nontrivial gap symmetry can lead to additional resonances if twice the driving frequency matches the energy of these Higgs modes and we disentangle the influence of charge density fluctuations (CDF) to the THG signal within our clean-limit analysis. With this we show that THG experiments on unconventional superconductors allow for detection of their Higgs modes. This paves the way for future studies on realistic systems including additional features to understand the collective excitation spectra of unconventional superconductors.
Source-reported materials — not catalogue approval
| Formula | Reported Tc (K) | Pressure (GPa) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| NbN Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | — | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Nb1-xTixN Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | — | Pressure not reported | unknown |
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