Universal relationship between the energy scales of the pseudogap phase, the superconducting state, and the charge-density-wave order in copper oxide superconductors

Abstract

We report the hole doping dependencies of the pseudogap phase energy scale 2ΔPG, the antinodal (nodal) superconducting energy scales 2ΔSCAN (2ΔSCN), and the charge-density-wave energy scale 2ΔCDW extracted from the electronic Raman responses of several copper oxide families. We show for all the cuprates studied that the three energy scales 2ΔPG, 2ΔSCAN, and 2ΔCDW display the same decreasing monotonic behavior with doping. In particular, 2ΔSCAN and 2ΔCDW have nearly equal values. This suggests a universal scenario in which 2ΔPG, 2ΔSCAN, and 2ΔCDW are governed by common microscopic interactions that become relevant well above the superconducting transition at Tc. This is to be contrasted with the behavior of the nodal superconducting energy scale 2ΔSCN, which tracks the doping dependence of Tc and, hence, seems to be controlled by different interactions.

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