Josephson effect in superconductor/normal-dot/superconductor junctions driven out of equilibrium by quasiparticle injection
Sarath Sankar, Julia S. Meyer, Manuel Houzet
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.105.134515 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
We study theoretically the large variations of the supercurrent through a normal dot that are induced by a small quasiparticle injection current from normal leads connected to the dot. We find that the supercurrent decomposes into a subgap contribution, which depends on the voltages applied to the normal leads, as well as a contribution with opposite sign from energies outside the gap, which is insensitive to the voltages. As the voltages gradually suppress the subgap contribution, a critical voltage exists above which the contribution from energies outside the gap dominates, leading to a sign reversal of the current-phase relation, namely a transition to a so-called π-junction behavior. We determine the critical voltage and analyze the robustness of the effect with respect to temperature and inelastic relaxation in the dot.
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