Aharonov-Bohm oscillations with period hc/4e and negative magnetoresistance in dirty superconductors
S. A. Kivelson, B. Z. Spivak
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.45.10490 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
We show that in a disordered superconductor near the superconductor-to-insulator transition the local superfluid density Ns fluctuates from point to point in sign as well as magnitude. We demonstrate this explicitly with a simple model in which correlation effects produce a negative Josephson coupling between two superconducting grains. We argue more generally that correlation effects and resistance fluctuations produce random signs of Ns. This implies that the superconductor-to-insulator transition may not be in the same universality class as the Bose-superfluid–to–insulator transition. It also results in a hc/4e period of Aharonov-Bohm oscillations and a negative magnetoresistance; both occur for T>Tc in superconducting samples and at low temperatures in insulating samples.
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