Influence of parity on the persistent currents of superconducting nanorings
Sergei V. Sharov, Andrei D. Zaikin
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.014518 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
We argue that at sufficiently low temperatures T superconducting parity effect may strongly influence equilibrium persistent currents (PCs) in isolated superconducting nanorings containing a weak link with few conducting modes. An odd electron, being added to the ring, occupies the lowest available Andreev state and produces a countercurrent circulating inside the ring. For a single channel quantum point contact at T=0 this countercurrent exactly compensates the supercurrent Ie produced by all other electrons and, hence, yields complete blocking of PCs for any value of the external magnetic flux. In superconducting nanorings with embedded normal metal the odd electron countercurrent can “overcompensate” Ie and a novel “π∕N-junction” state occurs in the system. Changing the electron parity number from even to odd results in spontaneous supercurrent in the ground state of such rings without any externally applied magnetic flux.
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