Peltier effects in Andreev interferometers
Pauli Virtanen, Tero T. Heikkilä
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.104517 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
The superconducting proximity effect is known to modify transport properties of hybrid normal-superconducting structures. In addition to changing electrical and thermal transport separately, it alters the thermoelectric effects. Changes to one off-diagonal element L12 of the thermoelectric matrix L have previously been studied via the thermopower, but the remaining coefficient L21, which is responsible for the Peltier effect, has received less attention. We discuss symmetry relations between L21 and L12 in addition to the Onsager reciprocity, and calculate Peltier coefficients for a specific structure. Similar to the thermopower, for finite phase differences of the superconducting order parameter, the proximity effect creates a Peltier effect significantly larger than the one present in purely normal-metal structures. This results from the fact that a nonequilibrium supercurrent carries energy.
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