Charge transport and quantum phase transitions in singlet-superconductor/ferromagnet/singlet-superconductor junctions
Boris Kastening, Dirk K. Morr, Lambert Alff, Karl Bennemann
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.144508 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
We study the Josephson current, IJ, in a junction consisting of two s-wave superconductors that are separated by a ferromagnetic barrier possessing magnetic and nonmagnetic scattering potentials, g and Z, respectively. We discuss the general dependence of IJ on g, Z, and the phase difference ϕ between the two superconductors. Moreover, we compute the critical current, Ic, for given g and Z, and show that it possesses two lines of nonanalyticity in the (g,Z) plane. We identify those regions in the (g,Z) plane where the Josephson current changes sign with increasing temperature without a change in the relative phase between the two superconductors, i.e., without a transition between the 0 and π states of the junction. Finally, we show that by changing the relative phase ϕ, it is possible to tune the junction through a first-order quantum phase transition in which the spin polarization of the two superconductors’ combined ground state changes from ⟨Sz⟩=0 to ⟨Sz⟩=1/2.
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