Effect of thermal fluctuations in topological p-wave superconductors
Bela Bauer, Roman M. Lutchyn, Matthew B. Hastings, Matthias Troyer
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.014503 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
We study the effect of thermal fluctuations on the topological stability of chiral p-wave superconductors. We consider two models of superconductors: spinless and spinful with a focus on topological properties and Majorana zero-energy modes. We show that proliferation of vortex-antivortex pairs above the Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature TKT drives the transition from a thermal quantum hall insulator to a thermal metal/insulator, and dramatically modifies the ground-state degeneracy splitting. Therefore, to utilize two-dimensional chiral p-wave superconductors for topological quantum computing, the temperature should be much smaller than TKT. Within the spinful chiral p-wave model, we also investigate the interplay between half-quantum vortices carrying Majorana zero-energy modes and full-quantum vortices having trivial topological charge, and discuss topological properties of half-quantum vortices in the background of proliferating full-quantum vortices.
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