Universal scaling law for the condensation energy across a broad range of superconductor classes
J. S. Kim, G. N. Tam, G. R. Stewart
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.92.224509 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
One of the goals in understanding any new class of superconductors is to search for commonalities with other known superconductors. The present work investigates the superconducting condensation energy, U, in the iron based superconductors (IBSs), and compares their U with a broad range of other distinct classes of superconductor, including conventional BCS elements and compounds and the unconventional heavy fermion, Sr2RuO4,Li0.1ZrNCl,κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(NCS)2, and optimally doped cuprate superconductors. Surprisingly, both the magnitude and Tc dependence (U∝Tc3.4±0.2) of U are—contrary to the previously observed behavior of the specific heat discontinuity at Tc, ΔC—quite similar in the IBS and BCS materials for Tc>1.4 K. In contrast, the heavy fermion superconductors’ U vs Tc are strongly (up to a factor of 100) enhanced above the IBS/BCS while the cuprate superconductors’ U are strongly (factor of 8) reduced. However, scaling of U with the specific heat γ (or ΔC) brings all the superconductors investigated onto one universal dependence upon Tc. This apparent universal scaling U/γ∝Tc2 for all superconductor classes investigated, both weak and strong coupled and both conventional and unconventional, links together extremely disparate behaviors over almost seven orders of magnitude for U and almost three orders of magnitude for Tc. Since U has not yet been explicitly calculated beyond the weak coupling limit, the present results can help direct theoretical efforts into the medium and strong coupling regimes.
Source-reported materials — not catalogue approval
| Formula | Reported Tc (K) | Pressure (GPa) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| CeIrIn5 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.4 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| CePt3Si Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.47 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| UPt3 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.54 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| CeCu2Si2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.65 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| UBe13 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.89 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| UNi2Al3 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 1 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| URu2Si2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 1.26 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| UPd2Al3 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 2 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| CeCoIn5 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 2.28 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| NpPd5Al2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 4.9 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| PuRhGa5 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 9 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| PuCoGa5 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 18.5 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Sr2RuO4 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 1.5 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| MgB2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 38.7 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Al Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 1.175 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Cd Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.517 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ga Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 1.0833 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Hf Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.128 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ir Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.1125 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Mo Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.916 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Os Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.66 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ru Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.493 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Th Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 1.374 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ti Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.4 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Zn Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.857 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Zr Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.63 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Re Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 1.71 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Tl Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 2.39 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| In Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 3.46 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Sn Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 3.71 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Hg Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 4.15 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ta Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 4.48 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| La Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 4.91 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Pb Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 7.196 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Tc Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 7.95 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Nb Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 9.17 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| V3Si Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 16.6 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Nb3Sn Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 17.8 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Nb3Ge Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 21.8 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| FeSe Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 8.11 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| FeTe0.57Se0.43 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 14.2 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| LiFeAs Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 14.8 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba0.65Na0.35Fe2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 29.4 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 36.5 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 11.6 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 23.7 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 16.2 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 14.5 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 19.65 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 23.3 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 24.6 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| BiSrPbCuO6 Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 9.4 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| YCa0.2BCO Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 83 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| BiSCCO Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 83 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| YBCO Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 93 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Li0.1ZrNCl Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 14.2 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
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