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Amplitude Fluctuations Driven by the Density of Electron Pairs within Nanosize Granular Structures inside Strongly Disordered Superconductors: Evidence for a Shell-Like Effect

Sanjib Ghosh, Sudhansu S. Mandal

DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.207004 · Physical Review Letters

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Abstract

Motivated by the recent observation of the shell effect in a nanoscale pure superconductor by Bose et al. [Nat. Mater. 9, 550 (2010)], we explore the possible shell-like effect in a strongly disordered superconductor as it is known to produce nanosize superconducting puddles (SPs). We find a remarkable change in the texture of the pairing amplitudes that is responsible for forming the SP, upon monotonic tuning of the average electron density, ⟨n⟩, and keeping the disorder landscape unaltered. Both the spatially averaged pairing amplitude and the quasiparticle excitation gap oscillate with ⟨n⟩. This oscillation is due to a rapid change in the low-lying quasiparticle energy spectra and thereby a change in the shapes and positions of the SPs. We establish a correlation between the formation of SPs and the shell-like effect. The experimental consequences of our theory are also discussed.

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