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Quantum Microwave Radiometry with a Superconducting Qubit

Zhixin Wang, Mingrui Xu, Xu Han, Wei Fu, Shruti Puri, S. M. Girvin, Hong X. Tang, S. Shankar, M. H. Devoret

DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.180501 · Physical Review Letters

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Abstract

The interaction of photons and coherent quantum systems can be employed to detect electromagnetic radiation with remarkable sensitivity. We introduce a quantum radiometer based on the photon-induced dephasing process of a superconducting qubit for sensing microwave radiation at the subunit photon level. Using this radiometer, we demonstrate the radiative cooling of a 1 K microwave resonator and measure its mode temperature with an uncertainty ∼0.01 K. We thus develop a precise tool for studying the thermodynamics of quantum microwave circuits, which provides new solutions for calibrating hybrid quantum systems and detecting candidate particles for dark matter.

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