Ehrenfest-Time-Dependent Excitation Gap in a Chaotic Andreev Billiard
İ. Adagideli, C. W. J. Beenakker
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.237002 · Physical Review Letters
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Abstract
A semiclassical theory is developed for the appearance of an excitation gap in a ballistic chaotic cavity connected by a point contact to a superconductor. Diffraction at the point contact is a singular perturbation in the limit ℏ→0, which opens up a gap Egap in the excitation spectrum. The time scale ℏ/Egap∝α−1lnℏ (with α the Lyapunov exponent) is the Ehrenfest time, the characteristic time scale of quantum chaos.
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