Critical Voltage of a Mesoscopic Superconductor
R. S. Keizer, M. G. Flokstra, J. Aarts, T. M. Klapwijk
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.147002 · Physical Review Letters
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Abstract
We study the influence of a voltage-driven nonequilibrium of quasiparticles on the properties of short mesoscopic superconducting wires. We employ a numerical calculation based upon the Usadel equation. Going beyond linear response, we find a nonthermal energy distribution of the quasiparticles caused by the applied bias voltage. It is demonstrated that this nonequilibrium drives the system from the superconducting state to the normal state, at a current density far below the critical depairing current density.
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