Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of Er3+:Y2SiO5 using a Josephson bifurcation amplifier: Observation of hyperfine and quadrupole structures

Rangga P. Budoyo; Kosuke Kakuyanagi; Hiraku Toida; Yuichiro Matsuzaki; William J. Munro; Hiroshi Yamaguchi; Shiro Saito

doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.011403

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Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of Er3+:Y2SiO5 using a Josephson bifurcation amplifier: Observation of hyperfine and quadrupole structures

Rangga P. Budoyo, Kosuke Kakuyanagi, Hiraku Toida, Yuichiro Matsuzaki, William J. Munro, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Shiro Saito

DOI 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.011403 · Physical Review Materials

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Abstract

We performed magnetic field and frequency tunable electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of an Er3+-doped Y2SiO5 crystal by observing the change in flux induced on a direct current superconducting quantum interference device (dc SQUID) loop of a tunable Josephson bifurcation amplifer. The observed spectra show multiple transitions which agree well with the simulated energy levels, taking into account the hyperfine and quadrupole interactions of Er167. The sensing volume is about 0.15 pl, and our inferred measurement sensitivity (limited by external flux noise) is approximately 1.5×104 electron spins for a 1-s measurement. The sensitivity value is two orders of magnitude better than similar schemes using a dc SQUID switching readout.