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Improving transmon qudit measurement on IBM Quantum hardware

Tobias Kehrer, Tobias Nadolny, Christoph Bruder

DOI 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.013050 · Physical Review Research

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Abstract

The Hilbert space of a physical qubit typically features more than two energy levels. Using states outside the qubit subspace can provide advantages in quantum computation. To benefit from these advantages, individual states of the d-dimensional qudit Hilbert space have to be discriminated during readout. We propose and analyze two measurement strategies that improve the distinguishability of transmon qudit states. Based on a model describing the readout of a transmon qudit coupled to a resonator, we identify the regime in hardware parameter space where each strategy is optimal. We discuss these strategies in the context of a practical implementation of the default measurement of a ququart on IBM Quantum hardware whose states are prepared by employing higher-order X gates that make use of two-photon transitions.

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