Lifshitz transitions and Weyl semimetals from a topological superconductor with supercurrent flow
Fabian G. Medina Cuy, Francesco Buccheri, Fabrizio Dolcini
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.033060 · Physical Review Research
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Abstract
A current flowing through a superconductor induces a spatial modulation in its superconducting order parameter, characterized by a wave vector Q related to the total momentum of a Cooper pair. Here we investigate this phenomenon in a p-wave topological superconductor, described by a one-dimensional Kitaev model. We demonstrate that, by treating Q as an extra synthetic dimension, the current-carrying nonequilibrium steady state can be mapped into the ground state of a half-filled two-dimensional Weyl semimetal, whose Fermi surface exhibits Lifshitz transitions when varying the model parameters. Specifically, the transition from type-I to type-II Weyl phases corresponds to the emergence of a gapless p-wave superconductor, where Cooper pairs coexist with unpaired electrons and holes. Such a transition is signaled by the appearance of a sharp cusp in the Q-dependence of the supercurrent, at a critical value Q* that is robust to variations of the chemical potential μ. We determine the maximal current that the system can sustain in the topological phase, and we discuss possible implementations.
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