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Self-induced Josephson oscillations and self-trapping in a supersolid dipolar quantum gas

Beatrice Donelli, Nicolò Antolini, Giulio Biagioni, Marco Fattori, Andrea Fioretti, Carlo Gabbanini, Massimo Inguscio, Luca Tanzi, Giovanni Modugno, Augusto Smerzi, Luca Pezzè

DOI 10.1103/hy2k-vqxd · Physical Review A

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Abstract

The Josephson effect characterizes superfluids and superconductors separated by a weak link, the so-called Josephson junction. A recent experiment has shown that Josephson oscillations can also be observed in a supersolid, where the weak link is not due to an external barrier, but is self-induced by interparticle interactions. Here we show theoretically that supersolids—despite their self-induced character—feature key properties of bosonic Josephson junction arrays, including macroscopic quantum self-trapping. We focus on the harmonically trapped dipolar supersolids of interest for current experiments and show that they can be described with a generalized Josephson model that takes into account spatial inhomogeneities. Our work sheds new light on the dynamics of supersolids and opens the way to the study of a novel class of Josephson junctions.

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