Nonequilibrium Andreev resonances in ballistic graphene Andreev interferometers
Asmaul Smitha Rashid, Le Yi, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Nitin Samarth, Régis Mélin, Morteza Kayyalha
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.111.L180504 · Physical Review B
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Abstract
We investigate the nonequilibrium populations of Andreev bound states (ABSs) in ballistic graphene three-terminal Josephson junctions (JJs). Our measurements reveal periodic resistance oscillations as a function of the superconducting phase, which is modulated by the applied magnetic flux. Additionally, we observe several voltage-induced crossovers, where resistance oscillations alternate between minima and maxima at integer flux quanta, corresponding to 0 and π phase shifts, respectively. We utilize a microscopic model for long ballistic Andreev interferometers, accounting for both perturbative and nonperturbative scattering processes. This model attributes the 0−π crossovers to phase-sensitive Andreev reflections (ARs), which convert normal current into ABSs with nonequilibrium populations. Our combined theoretical and experimental approach suggests that unconventional energy-phase relations, such as π-shifted ABSs, can be created in multiterminal JJs without relying on complex Cooper quartet or Floquet physics.
Source-reported materials — not catalogue approval
| Formula | Reported Tc (K) | Pressure (GPa) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Al Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | — | Pressure not reported | unknown |
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