Quantum Simulation of Topological Zero Modes on a 41-Qubit Superconducting Processor
Yun-Hao Shi, Yu Liu, Yu-Ran Zhang, Zhongcheng Xiang, Kaixuan Huang, Tao Liu, Yong-Yi Wang, Jia-Chi Zhang, Cheng-Lin Deng, Gui-Han Liang, Zheng-Yang Mei, Hao Li, Tian-Ming Li, Wei-Guo Ma, Hao-Tian Liu, Chi-Tong Chen, Tong Liu, Ye Tian, Xiaohui Song, S. P. Zhao, Kai Xu, Dongning Zheng, Franco Nori, Heng Fan
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.080401 · Physical Review Letters
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Abstract
Quantum simulation of different exotic topological phases of quantum matter on a noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processor is attracting growing interest. Here, we develop a one-dimensional 43-qubit superconducting quantum processor, named Chuang-tzu, to simulate and characterize emergent topological states. By engineering diagonal Aubry-André-Harper (AAH) models, we experimentally demonstrate the Hofstadter butterfly energy spectrum. Using Floquet engineering, we verify the existence of the topological zero modes in the commensurate off-diagonal AAH models, which have never been experimentally realized before. Remarkably, the qubit number over 40 in our quantum processor is large enough to capture the substantial topological features of a quantum system from its complex band structure, including Dirac points, the energy gap’s closing, the difference between even and odd number of sites, and the distinction between edge and bulk states. Our results establish a versatile hybrid quantum simulation approach to exploring quantum topological systems in the NISQ era.
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