Dark counts in optical superconducting transition-edge sensors for rare-event searches
Laura Manenti, Carlo Pepe, Isaac Sarnoff, Tengiz Ibrayev, Panagiotis Oikonomou, Artem Knyazev, Eugenio Monticone, Hobey Garrone, Fiona Alder, Osama Fawwaz, Alexander J. Millar, Knut Dundas Morå, Hamad Shams, Francesco Arneodo, Mauro Rajteri
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.024051 · Physical Review Applied
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Abstract
Superconducting transition-edge sensors (TESs) are a type of quantum sensor known for their high single-photon detection efficiency and low background. This makes TESs ideal for particle-physics experiments searching for rare events. In this work, we present a comprehensive characterization of the background in optical TESs, distinguishing three types of events: electrical-noise, high-energy, and photonlike events. We introduce computational methods to automate the classification of events. We experimentally verify and simulate the source of the high-energy events. We also isolate the photonlike events, the expected signal in dielectric haloscopes searching for dark-matter dark photons, and achieve a photonlike dark-count rate of 3.6×10−4 in the 0.8–3.2 eV energy range.
Source-reported materials — not catalogue approval
| Formula | Reported Tc (K) | Pressure (GPa) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ti Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.4 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
| Ti/Au Archive — visibility unverified Source-occurrence policy only; no material identity or catalogue acceptance is inferred from the formula. | 0.09 | Pressure not reported | unknown |
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