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Scanning SQUID susceptometry of a paramagnetic superconductor

J. R. Kirtley, B. Kalisky, J. A. Bert, C. Bell, M. Kim, Y. Hikita, H. Y. Hwang, J. H. Ngai, Y. Segal, F. J. Walker, C. H. Ahn, K. A. Moler

DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.224518 · Physical Review B

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Abstract

Scanning SQUID susceptometry images the local magnetization and susceptibility of a sample. By accurately modeling the SQUID signal we can determine physical properties such as the penetration depth and permeability of superconducting samples. We calculate the scanning SQUID susceptometry signal for a superconducting slab of arbitrary thickness with isotropic London penetration depth λ on a nonsuperconducting substrate, where both slab and substrate can have a paramagnetic response that is linear in the applied field. We derive analytical approximations to our general expression in a number of limits. Using our results, we fit experimental susceptibility data as a function of the sample-sensor spacing for three samples: (1) δ-doped SrTiO3, which has a predominantly diamagnetic response, (2) a thin film of LaNiO3, which has a predominantly paramagnetic response, and (3) the two-dimensional electron layer at a SrTiO3/LaAlO3 interface, which exhibits both types of response. These formulas will allow the determination of the concentrations of paramagnetic spins and superconducting carriers from fits to scanning SQUID susceptibility measurements.

Source-reported materials — not catalogue approval

FormulaReported Tc (K)Pressure (GPa)Type
SrTiO3

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—Pressure not reportedunknown
LaNiO3

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—Pressure not reportedunknown
SrTiO3/LaAlO3

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—Pressure not reportedunknown

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