Pion, σ meson, and diquarks in the two-flavor color-superconducting phase of dense cold quark matter
D. Ebert, K. G. Klimenko, V. L. Yudichev
DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.015201 · Physical Review C
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Abstract
The spectrum of meson and diquark excitations of dense cold quark matter is investigated within the framework of a Nambu–Jona-Lasinio-type model for light quarks of two flavors. It was found that a first-order phase transition occurs when the chemical potential μ exceeds the critical value μc=350MeV. Above μc, the diquark condensate 〈qq〉 forms, breaking the color symmetry of strong interaction. The masses of π and σ mesons are shown to grow with the chemical potential μ in the color-superconducting phase, but the mesons themselves become almost stable particles. Moreover, we have found in this phase an abnormal number of three, instead of five, Nambu-Goldstone bosons, together with a color doublet of light stable diquark modes and a color-singlet heavy diquark resonance with mass ~1100 MeV. In the color-symmetric phase, i.e., for μ<μc, a mass splitting of diquarks and antidiquarks is shown to arise if μ≠0, contrary to the case of a vanishing chemical potential, in which the masses of antidiquarks and diquarks are degenerate at the value ~700 MeV.
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